Distributions of dissolved and particulate biogenic thiols in the subartic Pacific Ocean     

Christopher L. Dupont  James. W. Moffett  Robert R. Bidigare  Beth A. Ahner 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2006,53(12):1961-1974

Dissolved and particulate concentrations of the biogenic thiols cysteine (Cys), arginine–cysteine (Arg–Cys), glutamine–cysteine (Gln–Cys), γ-glutamate–cysteine (γ-Glu–Cys) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in the subartic Pacific Ocean in the summer of 2003 using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with precolumn derivatization as reported in previous work. In this study, a preconcentration protocol for the derivatized thiols was utilized to extend detection limits of dissolved thiols to picomolar levels. The measured concentrations of particulate and dissolved thiols were uncoupled, with distinctive depth profiles and large differences in the particulate to dissolved ratios between individual compounds. Glutathione was the most abundant particulate thiol whereas the most abundant dissolved thiol was γ-Glu–Cys, with concentrations as high as 15 nM. Given the relatively small pool of intracellular γ-Glu–Cys and the very low dissolved concentrations of GSH, we hypothesize that glutathione released from cells is rapidly converted to the potentially degradation resistant γ-Glu–Cys outside the cell. The relatively high concentrations of other dissolved thiols compared to particulate concentrations implies both biological exudation and slow degradation rates. Some thiols appear to vary with changes in nutrient availability but this effect is difficult to decouple from changes in community structure inferred from pigment analyses. Dissolved thiol concentrations also exceed typical metal concentrations in the subartic Pacific, supporting previous arguments that they may be important in metal speciation.  相似文献   

Atlas of Japan (East) Sea hydrographic properties in summer, 1999     

Lynne D. Talley  Pavel Tishchenko  Vladimir Luchin  Alexander Nedashkovskiy  Sergey Sagalaev  Dong-Jin Kang  Mark Warner  Dong-Ha Min 《Progress in Oceanography》2004,61(2-4):277

Hydrographic properties from CTD and discrete bottle sample profiles covering the Japan (East) Sea in summer, 1999, are presented in vertical sections, maps at standard depths, maps on isopycnal surfaces, and as property–property distributions. This data set covers most of the Sea with the exception of the western boundary region and northern Tatar Strait, and includes nutrients, pH, alkalinity, and chlorofluorocarbons, as well as the usual temperature, salinity, and oxygen observations.  相似文献   

Preliminary optical classification of lakes and coastal waters in Estonia and south Finland     

Anu Reinart  Antti Herlevi  Helgi Arst  Liis Sipelgas 《Journal of Sea Research》2003,49(4):357

A preliminary optical classification of lakes in Estonia and south Finland which can also be used for small bays of the Baltic Sea is elaborated. The classification is based on the optical properties of water (diffuse attenuation coefficient, diffuse reflectance) and parameters that are routinely monitored in water bodies (Secchi depth, concentration of chlorophyll-a, total suspended matter and yellow substance). The data complex used for our classification covers different types of water ecosystems (ranging from oligotrophic to hypertrophic) and the variability of water constituent concentrations in the ice-free period in Estonia and south Finland. Using cluster analysis, we found 5 optical classes of waters: clear (C), moderate (M), turbid (T), very turbid (V) and brown (B). There is satisfactory correspondence between class of water, shape of diffuse attenuation coefficient and diffuse reflectance spectra and trophic state of the lakes.  相似文献   

Outflow of the Intermediate Oyashio Water from Sagami Bay to the Shikoku Basin     

Yoshihiko Sekine  Keita Uchiyama 《Journal of Oceanography》2002,58(4):531-537

Since the Intermediate Oyashio Water (IOW) gradually accumulates in Sagami Bay, it can reasonably be supposed that the IOW also flows out from Sagami Bay, even though it may be altered by mixing with other waters. We have occasionally observed a water less than 34.2 psu with a potential density of 26.8 at the southeastern area off Izu Peninsula in July 1993 by the training vessel Seisui-maru of Mie University. Observational data supplied by the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Kanagawa Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station show that the IOW of less than 34.1 psu was observed at northern stations of the line PT (KJ) off the Boso Peninsula and to the east of Oshima in the late spring 1993. Based upon these observations, it is concluded that the IOW flows out from Sagami Bay into the Shikoku Basin along southeastern area off the Izu Peninsula. The less saline water (<34.2 psu) was also observed to the west of Miyake-jima during the same cruise, and the westward intrusion of IOW from south of the Boso Peninsula to the Shikoku Basin through the gate area of the Kuroshio path over the Izu Ridge was detected. This event indicated that the IOW branched south of the Boso Peninsula and flowed into Sagami Bay and/or into the gate area over the Izu Ridge. The southward intrusion of IOW into the south of the Boso Peninsula is discussed in relation to the latitudinal location of the main axes of the Kuroshio and the Oyashio. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

黄骅电厂二期工程温排水排放方案优选   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周玲玲  孙英兰  张学庆  孙长青 《海洋通报》2006,25(5):43-49

在利用分步杂交有限元方法建立渤海湾潮流场的基础上,通过数值模拟的方法建立黄骅电厂温排水海域的温度场,对不同温排水设计方案进行了预测分析。设计方案充分考虑了排放口位置、排水量和温升对海域环境造成的影响,设计了一、二期工程排放口分建和合建时的五种方案。预测结果的对比分析显示,方案V(一、二期工程温排水集中由2排放)是最佳方案。  相似文献   

加州鲈鱼的繁殖习性,早期胚胎发育以及孵化与水温的关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴庆龙 《海洋湖沼通报》1993,(1):64-70

作者对加州鲈鱼繁殖习性及早期胚胎发育进行了阐述,对受精卵孵化与水温的关系进行了研究。结果表明:加州鲈鱼2龄即达性成熟,3—6月繁殖产卵,水温20℃—24℃时达产卵盛期;雄鱼具有筑巢护卵及护苗等生殖习性;水温17.4℃—19.5℃,平均18.3℃时,受精卵孵化时数为74小时25分钟;在实验温度范围内,孵化时数与水温负相关,而与有效积温正相关。有效积温与平均水温负相关。  相似文献   

江苏海域水环境要素分析——江苏海域环境质量分析之二   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

丁贤荣  张鹰 《海洋科学》2003,27(2):8-12

在1981、1991（1990）和1998年3次海洋环境调查的基础上，通过相同水质要素时空比较分析，江苏海域的溶解氧、磷酸盐、硝酸盐和亚硝酸 盐这4种主要海水化学因子具有时空变化特征，其高值区主要分布在灌河口、扁担港口、射阳河口、川东港和长江北支口北侧，且河口、近岸值高，向海含量渐小，不同年份、季节也有变化。沿海水化学性质主要受陆源排污（农田化肥等）影响，主要是入海河流携带污染物、海洋生物作用和本海域水体运动特征的影响，此外，溶解氧变化还受到水温变化的影响。  相似文献   

An evaluation of metal bioaccessibility in estuarine sediments using the commercially available protein, bovine serum albumin   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Judit Kalman  Andrew Turner   《Marine Chemistry》2007,107(4):486-497

The bioaccessibility of metals (Al, Ca, Fe, Mn, Ag, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sn, Zn) in oxic estuarine sediments has been evaluated using solutions of a commercially available protein (bovine serum albumin; BSA) that mimic the chemical conditions encountered in the gut environment of many deposit-feeding organisms. Over a 20 h incubation period with 5 g L^− 1 BSA, metal mobilisation was generally biphasic in that a relatively short period of rapid release was succeeded by more gradual release or approach to equilibrium, although in some cases metal readsorption was evident during the time-courses. Availability to BSA, defined as metal released after 20 h relative to metal extracted by boiling aqua regia, was greatest for Cd, Ni, Ca and Zn and lowest for Fe and Mn, and correlated well with, but was an order of magnitude lower than, metal digested by acidified hydrogen peroxide. Time-courses conducted in the absence of the protein revealed that significant quantities of Ca and Mn were water-soluble, reflecting the partial dissolution of carbonates and hydrous Mn oxides, respectively. Additional experiments indicated a net increase in metal release with increasing BSA concentration and, with the exception of Ca and Mn, a substantial increase in metal mobilisation after sediment organic matter had been digested by peroxidation. These observations suggest that, apart from Ca and Mn, metal release proceeds via complexation with component amino acids of the protein, denudation of organic host phases, and exposure of inorganic, metal-bearing minerals. Accordingly, the bioaccessibility of a metal is predicted to be dependent on its (i) affinity for proteinaceous ligands, (ii) association with components of digestible sediment organic matter, and (iii) degree of binding at relatively weak sites on sediment phases that are exposed or modified by the action of proteins and other chemical constituents of the gut environment.  相似文献   

近海海面上水汽向上输送的季节性差异     

陈绍鑫 《海洋湖沼通报》1994,(2):202-207

本文分析了雷达观测结果，发现近海海面上的水汽向上输送随季节而变化，由于季节的变化和不同的天气情况，海表面大气现象在雷达中有不同的显示，根据这些显示得到了不同的信息，由此而得出春秋两季海表面水汽向上输送量的不同。  相似文献   

Green water overtopping analyzed with a SPH model   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

M. Gmez-Gesteira  D. Cerqueiro  C. Crespo  R.A. Dalrymple 《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(2):651-238

Wave overtopping on the decks of offshore platforms and ships can cause severe damage due to the high forces generated by the water. This phenomenon is analyzed within the framework of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The presence of a fixed horizontal deck above the mean water level modifies strongly the wave kinematics. In particular, the flow in the wave crest is split into two, showing a different behavior above and below the deck. Numerical results generated by the SPH method are compared to laboratory experiments. The formation of a jet in the rear of the deck after overtopping is observed under extreme conditions.  相似文献